Nkhani - Wakupha Wobisika Padziko La AgaluKutentha Kwambiri kwa Thupi

Eni ziweto mwina adamvapo za matenda oopsa a galu omwe amakhudza kutentha kwa thupi—vuto loopsa lobadwa nalo lomwe nthawi zambiri limachitika mwadzidzidzi pambuyo poletsa kugona. Pachimake pake, limagwirizanitsidwa kwambiri ndi zovuta m'thupiJini la RYR1ndikuyesa kwa nucleic acidndiye chinsinsi chodziwira chiopsezo cha majini ichi pasadakhale.

Ponena za njira yake yopezera cholowa, asayansi akugwirizana kuti ikutsatira izicholowa cha autosomal dominant chokhala ndi penetrance yosakwanira—kutanthauza kuti agalu omwe ali ndi jini yosinthika sangasonyeze zizindikiro nthawi zonse; kuwonekera kwake kumadalira zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda akunja ndi kuchuluka kwa majini omwe amawonekera.

Lero, tiyeni tikambirane mozama momwe matendawa amachitikira pogwiritsa ntchito majini awa komanso zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.

Chinsinsi Cha Jini ya RYR1 Chikutha Kusalamulirika

Kuti timvetse momwe galu amakhudzira kutentha kwa thupi, choyamba tiyenera kudziwa "ntchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku" ya jini ya RYR1—imagwira ntchito ngati "mlonda wa njira za calcium"m'maselo a minofu. Mu mkhalidwe wabwinobwino, galu akasuntha kapena akufunika kupindika kwa minofu, njira yoyendetsedwa ndi jini ya RYR1 imatseguka, kutulutsa ma ayoni a calcium osungidwa mu ulusi wa minofu kuti ayambe kupindika. Pambuyo popindika, njirayo imatsekedwa, calcium imabwerera ku malo osungira, minofu imapumula, ndipo

Njira yonse imakhala yolongosoka komanso yowongoleredwa, popanda kupanga kutentha kwambiri.

Komabe, pamene jini ya RYR1 imasintha (ndipo cholowa cha autosomal dominant chimatanthauza kuti kopi imodzi yosinthika ikhoza kukhala ndi matenda), "mlonda wa pachipata" uyu amataya mphamvu. Amakhala omasuka kwambiri ndipo amakhala otseguka pansi pa zovuta zina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma calcium ions ambiri azitha kulowa mu minofu mosalamulirika.

Pa nthawiyi, maselo a minofu amagwera mu mkhalidwe wa "kukwiya kwambiri"Ngakhale popanda chizindikiro choti achepetse, amapitirizabe kugwira ntchito yochepetsa thupi komanso kagayidwe kachakudya kosathandiza. Izi zimadya mphamvu mwachangu ndipo zimatulutsa kutentha kwakukulu. Popeza agalu ali ndi mphamvu yochepa yochepetsera kutentha, pamene kutentha kumapitirira kutentha, kutentha kwa thupi kumatha kukwera mkati mwa mphindi zochepa (kuyambira 38–39°C mpaka kupitirira 41°C). Kutentha kochuluka kumeneku ndi chizindikiro cha matenda oopsa a hyperthermia. Choopsa kwambiri, kusalinganika kwa calcium kosalekeza kumayambitsa mavuto ambiri: kagayidwe ka minofu kochuluka kumapanga lactic acid yambiri ndi creatine kinase, zomwe zimasonkhana m'magazi ndikuwononga ziwalo monga impso (creatine kinase imatha kutseka machubu a impso) ndi chiwindi. Ulusi wa minofu ukhoza kuphulika pamene minofu ikuchepa, zomwe zimayambitsa rhabdomyolysis, zomwe zimayambitsa kuuma, kupweteka, ndi mkodzo wakuda ngati tiyi (myoglobinuria). Milandu yoopsa ingayambitse arrhythmia, hypotension, kupuma mofulumira, komanso kulephera kwa ziwalo zambiri - popanda kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, kuchuluka kwa imfa kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri.

Apa tiyenera kutsindika kufalikira kosakwanira: agalu ena amakhala ndi kusintha kwa RYR1 koma sasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse pa moyo wawo watsiku ndi tsiku chifukwa kufotokozera majini kumafuna choyambitsa. Kusinthaku kumayamba kugwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati zinthu zina zachitika ndipo njira za calcium sizikugwira ntchito. Izi zikufotokoza chifukwa chake anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhalabe ndi thanzi labwino kwa moyo wawo wonse ngati sanakumanepo ndi zoyambitsazo—koma amatha kuyamba mwadzidzidzi akangoyambitsa.

Zinthu Zitatu Zikuluzikulu Zomwe Zimayambitsa Khansa Yoopsa ya M'mimba

Zochitika za unyolo zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa nthawi zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi magulu atatu a zinthu:

1. Mankhwala Oletsa Kupweteka (Choyambitsa Choyamba)Choyambitsa chachikulu kwambiri chimakhala ndi mankhwala ena oletsa ululu—mongahalothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane, ndi mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya minofu monga succinylcholine. Mankhwalawa amalumikizana mwachindunji ndi jini ya RYR1 yosinthika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti njira za calcium zisamayende bwino. Deta yachipatala ikuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi 70% ya milandu ya matenda oopsa a agalu imachitika panthawi ya opaleshoni pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa ululu awa, nthawi zambiri mkati mwa mphindi 10-30 mutalowa m'thupi. Kulowa kosakwanira kumawonekeranso apa: agalu ena omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa majini sangayankhe mankhwala awa chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa majini kapena mphamvu ya kagayidwe kachakudya.

2. Kutentha kwa chilengedwe ndi zochita zolimbitsa thupiMalo otentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi (monga magalimoto otentha, ma balcony omwe ali ndi dzuwa) amachepetsa kutentha komwe kumatayika. Ngati galu akuchita zinthu zambiri m'mikhalidwe yotere, kutentha kwa kagayidwe kachakudya kumawonjezeka kwambiri. Kuphatikiza ndi zolakwika za RYR1, izi zitha kuyambitsa jini yosinthika. Milandu yanenedwanso panthawi yoyendera chifukwa cha kutentha, kupsinjika, ndi kuyenda pang'ono.

3. Kuyankha Kwambiri Pakupsinjika MaganizoKuvulala ndi opaleshoni, mantha adzidzidzi (monga kuthamangitsidwa ndi nyama yayikulu, ma firecracker amphamvu), kapena kupweteka kwambiri (kusweka, kuvulala) kungayambitse kuwonjezeka kwa adrenaline ndi mahomoni ena opsinjika. Mahomoni awa amachititsa kuti jini ya RYR1 yosinthika isatuluke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti calcium ituluke molakwika. Labrador yemwe ali ndi kusinthaku adakhala ndi vuto la khansa chifukwa cha kupsinjika chifukwa cha ngozi yagalimoto—chitsanzo cha kulephera kulowa bwino komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zina zakunja.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kuopsa kwa matendawa kumasiyana malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.A Labrador Retrievers, A Golden Retrievers, Beagles, Vizslas, ndipo mitundu ina ili ndi kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa RYR1, pomwe mitundu yaying'ono monga Chihuahuas ndi Pomeranians ili ndi milandu yochepa yonenedwa. Ukalamba umachitanso gawo - agalu achichepere (azaka 1-3) amakhala ndi kagayidwe ka minofu kogwira ntchito kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda kuposa agalu akuluakulu.

Kuyesa Majini: Kupewa Zizindikiro Zisanaonekere

Kwa eni ziweto, kumvetsetsa njira izi ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa kumathandiza kupewa:

Ngati galu wanu ndi wamtundu wa ziweto zoopsa kwambirikapena ali ndimbiri ya banja(cholowa chachikulu chimatanthauza kuti achibale akhoza kukhala ndi kusintha komweko), nthawi zonse dziwitsani madokotala a ziweto musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala oletsa ululu. Angasankhe mankhwala otetezeka (monga propofol, diazepam) ndikukonzekera zida zoziziritsira (mapaketi a ayezi, mabulangeti oziziritsira) ndi mankhwala odzidzimutsa.

Pewanikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambirinthawi yotentha.

Chepetsanizochitika zopsinjika kwambirikuchepetsa kukhudzidwa ndi choyambitsa.

Kufunika kwa kuyesa kwa nucleic acidKuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa thupi kwa agalu kumatengera kudziwa ngati galu wanu ali ndi kusintha kwa RYR1. Mosiyana ndi kuyezetsa kachilombo, komwe kumazindikira matenda, mtundu uwu wa mayeso umavumbula chiopsezo cha majini. Ngakhale galu ali ndi zizindikiro chifukwa cha kulowa kosakwanira, kudziwa momwe alili majini kumalola eni ake kusintha chisamaliro ndi zisankho zachipatala kuti apewe zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa - kuteteza ziweto ku vutoli lomwe lingawononge moyo.

Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-13-2025

Wakupha Wobisika M'dziko la Agalu Hyperthermia Yoopsa