Anthu Khumi Opambana mu Zachilengedwe:

Yunlong Cao waku Peking University adatchedwa kafukufuku watsopano wa coronavirus

Pa Disembala 15, 2022, Nature idalengeza za Nature's 10, mndandanda wa anthu khumi omwe akhala gawo la zochitika zazikulu zasayansi pachaka, komanso omwe nkhani zawo zimapereka malingaliro apadera pazochitika zina zofunika kwambiri zasayansi mchaka chodabwitsachi.

M’chaka cha zovuta ndi zopezedwa zochititsa chidwi, Nature inasankha anthu khumi kuchokera kwa akatswiri a zakuthambo amene atithandiza kumvetsetsa kukhalapo kwa chilengedwe chakutali kwambiri, kwa ofufuza amene athandiza kwambiri pa mliri wa New Crown ndi monkeypox, kwa madokotala ochita maopaleshoni amene aswa malire a kuika ziŵalo, akutero Rich Monastersky, mkonzi wamkulu wa Zochitika Zachilengedwe.

Yunlong Cao akuchokera ku Biomedical Frontier Innovation Center (BIOPIC) ku Peking University. Dr. Cao anamaliza maphunziro awo ku yunivesite ya Zhejiang ndi digiri ya Bachelor mu Physics ndipo adalandira PhD yake kuchokera ku Dipatimenti ya Chemistry ndi Chemical Biology ya Harvard University pansi pa Xiaoliang Xie, ndipo panopa ndi Wothandizira Kafukufuku ku Biomedical Frontier Innovation Center ku Peking University. Yunlong Cao wakhala akuyang'ana kwambiri pakupanga matekinoloje otsatizana ndi selo limodzi, ndipo kafukufuku wake wathandizira kutsata kusinthika kwa ma coronavirus atsopano ndikulosera zina mwa masinthidwe omwe amatsogolera kukupanga mitundu yatsopano yosinthika.

Pa 18 Meyi 2020, Xiaoliang Xie/Yunlong Cao et al. adasindikiza pepala m'magazini yotchedwa Cell yomwe ili ndi mutu wakuti: "Ma antibodies amphamvu oletsa SARS-CoV-2 odziwika ndi kutsatizana kwakukulu kwa selo limodzi la maselo a B a odwala"

Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa zotsatira za mawonekedwe atsopano a coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) osasokoneza antibody screen, omwe adagwiritsa ntchito nsanja yokhala ndi cell imodzi ya RNA ndi VDJ kuti azindikire ma antibodies 14 omwe amalepheretsa mwamphamvu ma antibodies 8500 a antigen-bound IgG1 odwala 60 omwe adachira COVID-19.

Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kwa nthawi yoyamba kuti kutsatizana kwakukulu kwa selo imodzi kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji pakutulukira mankhwala ndipo kuli ndi mwayi wokhala njira yofulumira komanso yothandiza, yomwe imalonjeza kusintha momwe anthu amawonera kuti asawononge ma antibodies ku ma virus opatsirana.

Pa 17 June 2022, Xiaoliang Xie/Yunlong Cao et al. adasindikiza pepala lotchedwa: BA.2.12.1, BA.4 ndi BA.5 zoteteza chitetezo cha mthupi zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda a Omicron m'magazini ya Nature.

Kafukufukuyu adapeza kuti ma subtypes atsopano a Omicron mutant strains BA.2.12.1, BA.4 ndi BA.5 adawonetsa kuthawa kwa chitetezo chamthupi komanso kutha kwa plasma kuthawa kwa odwala omwe adachira Omicron BA.1.

Zomwe anapezazi zikusonyeza kuti katemera wa Omicron wa BA.1 sangakhalenso woyenera ngati chilimbikitso pakalipano komanso kuti ma antibodies omwe amapangidwa sangapereke chitetezo chochuluka ku mtundu watsopano wa mutant. Kuphatikiza apo, chitetezo chamgulu kudzera mu matenda a Omicron ndizovuta kwambiri kukwaniritsa chifukwa cha "immunogenic" ya ma coronaviruses atsopano komanso kusinthika kwachangu kwa malo osinthira chitetezo chamthupi.

Pa 30 Okutobala 2022, gulu la Xiaoliang Xie/Yunlong Cao lidasindikiza pepala lofufuzira lotchedwa: Imprinted SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity imapangitsa kusinthika kwa Omicron RBD mu preprint bioRxiv.

Kafukufukuyu akusonyeza kuti ubwino wa XBB pa BQ.1 ukhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kunja kwa receptor binding domain (RBD) ya spinosin, kuti XBB imakhalanso ndi masinthidwe m'madera ena a genome encoding N-terminal structural domain (NTD) ya spinosin, ndi kuti XBB imatha kuthawa ma antibodies anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-inflammatory-RBD]””””” Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti masinthidwe amtundu wa NTD akuchitika mu BQ.1 pamlingo wofulumira kwambiri. Kusinthaku kumathandizira kwambiri kuthekera kwa mitundu iyi kuthawa ma antibodies omwe amapangidwa ndi katemera komanso matenda am'mbuyomu.

Dr. Yunlong Cao adanena kuti pangakhale chitetezo ku XBB ngati kachilombo ka BQ.1, koma kufufuza kwina kumafunika kuti apereke umboni wa izi.

Kuphatikiza pa Yunlong Cao, anthu ena awiri adapanga mndandandawo chifukwa cha zomwe adathandizira pazaumoyo wapadziko lonse lapansi, Lisa McCorkell ndi Dimie Ogoina.

Lisa McCorkell ndi wofufuza wa Long COVID ndipo monga membala woyambitsa Patient-Led Research Collaborative, wathandizira kudziwitsa anthu komanso kupereka ndalama zothandizira kafukufuku wa matendawa.

Dimie Ogoina ndi dotolo wa matenda opatsirana pa yunivesite ya Niger Delta ku Nigeria ndipo ntchito yake yolimbana ndi mliri wa nyani ku Nigeria wapereka chidziwitso chofunikira polimbana ndi mliri wa nyani.

Pa Januware 10, 2022, University of Maryland School of Medicine idalengeza za kuyika kwa mtima wa nkhumba kwa munthu wamoyo wazaka 57, pomwe wodwala mtima wazaka 57 David Bennett adalandira kusintha kwa mtima wa nkhumba kuti apulumutse moyo wake.

Ngakhale kuti mtima wa nkhumba uwu wangowonjezera moyo wa David Bennett ndi miyezi iwiri, wakhala wopambana kwambiri komanso mbiri yakale pa nkhani ya xenotransplantation. Muhammad Mohiuddin, dokotala wa opaleshoni yemwe anatsogolera gulu lomwe linamaliza kuika mtima wa nkhumba wosinthidwa ndi majini, mosakayikira adatchulidwa pamndandanda wa Anthu 10 Opambana Pachaka a Nature.

Ena angapo adasankhidwa kuti apititse patsogolo zopambana za sayansi ndi kupita patsogolo kofunikira, kuphatikiza katswiri wa zakuthambo Jane Rigby wa Goddard Space Center ya NASA, yemwe adathandizira kwambiri ntchito ya Webb Space Telescope yotengera telesikopu mumlengalenga ndikugwira ntchito moyenera, kutengera luso la anthu lofufuza chilengedwe kupita kumlingo watsopano komanso wapamwamba. alondra Nelson, monga Director of Science and Technology Policy ku US ku Ofesi ya Sayansi ndi Ukadaulo, adathandizira oyang'anira a Purezidenti Biden kupanga zinthu zofunika kwambiri pazasayansi yake, kuphatikiza mfundo za kukhulupirika kwasayansi ndi malangizo atsopano pa sayansi yotseguka. Diana Greene Foster, wofufuza za kuchotsa mimba komanso katswiri wodziwa za anthu pa yunivesite ya California, San Francisco, anapereka deta yofunika kwambiri pa zomwe Khoti Lalikulu Kwambiri ku United States linagamula kuti lithetse chitetezo chalamulo cha ufulu wochotsa mimba.

Palinso mayina omwe ali pamndandanda khumi wapamwamba kwambiri chaka chino omwe ali okhudzana ndi chitukuko cha kusintha kwanyengo ndi zovuta zina zapadziko lonse lapansi. Iwo ndi: António Guterres, Mlembi Wamkulu wa United Nations, Saleemul Huq, Mtsogoleri wa International Center for Climate Change and Development ku Dhaka, Bangladesh, ndi Svitlana Krakovska, Mtsogoleri wa nthumwi za ku Ukraine ku bungwe la UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).