Phunziro laling'ono la Tsiku la Amayi: Kusamalira Thanzi la Amayi

Tsiku la Amayi likubwera posachedwa. Kodi mwakonzekera madalitso anu kwa amayi anu pa tsiku lapaderali? Potumiza madalitso anu, musaiwale kusamalira thanzi la amayi anu! Lero, Bigfish yakonza chitsogozo chaumoyo chomwe chingakuphunzitseni momwe mungatetezere thanzi la amayi anu.
Pakalipano, zotupa zazikulu zaukazi zowopsa zomwe zimakonda kwambiri azimayi ku China ndi khansa ya m'chiberekero, khansa ya pachibelekero komanso khansa ya m'mawere. Amawopseza kwambiri thanzi ndi moyo wa amayi. Zomwe zimayambitsa ndi njira za zotupa zitatuzi ndizosiyana, koma zonse zimagwirizana ndi chibadwa, endocrine ndi zizoloŵezi zamoyo. Chifukwa chake, chinsinsi chopewera zotupazi ndikuzindikira msanga ndikuchiza, komanso kutenga njira zodzitetezera.

Khansa ya Ovarian

Khansara ya m'chiberekero ndi chotupa choopsa kwambiri cha ziwalo zoberekera za amayi, chomwe chimapezeka kwambiri mwa amayi omwe ali ndi vuto losiya kusamba. Zizindikiro zoyambirira sizidziwikiratu ndipo nthawi zambiri zimachedwetsa kuzindikira. Kukula kwa khansa ya ovarian kumakhudzana ndi zinthu monga cholowa, mlingo wa estrogen, chiwerengero cha ovulation ndi mbiri ya uchembere. Pofuna kupewa khansa ya ovarian, tikulimbikitsidwa kulabadira mfundo zotsatirazi:
-Kuwunika pafupipafupi kwa amayi, kuphatikiza mayeso a chiuno, mayeso a ultrasound ndi mayeso a chotupa, makamaka kwa magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mabanja omwe ali ndi mbiri ya khansa ya ovarian kapena kusintha kwa majini (monga BRCA1/2), kuyenera kuyesedwa chaka chilichonse kuyambira zaka 30. kapena 35.
- Samalani nthawi zonse za msambo ndi ovulation. Ngati pali kusamba kwachilendo kapena kutuluka m'mimba, muyenera kupeza upangiri wachipatala mwachangu kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa endocrine ndikupewa kukondoweza kwa estrogen imodzi.
- Kuwongolera kunenepa moyenera, kupewa kunenepa kwambiri, ndikuwonjezera masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti muwongolere kagayidwe kachakudya ndikuchepetsa estrogen.
- Sankhani njira zolerera moyenera ndipo pewani kugwiritsa ntchito njira zolerera zapakamwa zomwe zili ndi estrogen kapena zida zolerera, m'malo mwake sankhani kugwiritsa ntchito njira zakulera zomwe zili ndi progestogen kapena makondomu, ndi zina zotero.
- Wonjezerani chiwerengero cha obadwa ndi nthawi yoyamwitsa moyenera, ndi kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha ovulation ndi nthawi yowonetsera estrogen.
- Pewani kukhudzana ndi zinthu zapoizoni ndi carcinogenic monga asibesitosi, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, utoto, ndi zina.
- Kwa odwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu kapena omwe adapezeka ndi khansa ya m'chiberekero, lingalirani za prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy kapena chithandizo cholunjika (monga PARP inhibitors) motsogozedwa ndi dokotala.

Khansa ya M'chiberekero

Khansara ya khomo lachiberekero ndi imodzi mwa matenda owopsa kwambiri a ubereki wa amayi, omwe amapezeka makamaka mwa amayi azaka zapakati pa 30 ndi 50. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha khansa ya khomo lachiberekero ndi matenda a human papillomavirus (HPV), kachilombo koyambitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi oposa. Mitundu 100 yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imadziwika kuti HPV yowopsa kwambiri ndipo imatha kuyambitsa kusintha kwachilendo m'maselo a khomo lachiberekero, komwe kumatha kukhala khansa ya pachibelekero. Mitundu ya HPV yomwe ili pachiwopsezo chachikulu imaphatikizapo mitundu ya 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58 ndi 59. Pakati pawo, mitundu 16 ndi 18 ndiyomwe imapezeka kwambiri, yomwe imakhala yoposa 70% ya khansa zonse za khomo lachiberekero. Khansara ya pachibelekero ndi matenda otetezedwa komanso ochiritsika, ndipo ngati zilonda zam'mimba zitha kuzindikirika ndikuchiritsidwa pakapita nthawi, kuchuluka ndi kufa kwa khansa ya pachibelekero kumatha kuchepetsedwa. Njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera khansa ya pachibelekero ndi katemera wa HPV. Katemera wa HPV amatha kupewa matenda ena omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha HPV motero amachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya pachibelekero. Pakali pano, katemera atatu a HPV avomerezedwa kuti azigulitsidwa ku China, omwe ndi katemera wa bivalent, quadrivalent ndi 9 valent. Mwa iwo, katemera wa bivalent HPV amalimbana ndi matenda a HPV16 ndi HPV18 ndipo amatha kuteteza 70% ya khansa ya pachibelekero. Katemera wa HPV wa quadrivalent amakhudza osati awiri okha, komanso HPV6 ndi HPV11, omwe amatha kuteteza 70% ya khansa ya pachibelekero ndi 90% ya acromegaly. Katemera wa HPV wamtundu 9, kumbali ina, amalimbana ndi mitundu isanu ndi inayi ya HPV ndipo amatha kuteteza 90% ya khansa ya khomo lachiberekero. Katemera akulimbikitsidwa kwa amayi azaka zapakati pa 9-45 omwe alibe kachilombo ka HPV kale. Kuphatikiza pa izi, njira zotsatirazi zodzitetezera zilipo za khansa ya pachibelekero:
1. Kuyezetsa khansa ya pachibelekero pafupipafupi. Kuyezetsa khansa ya pachibelekero kumatha kuzindikira zotupa zam'chiberekero kapena khansa yapakhomo yoyambirira munthawi yake kuti alandire chithandizo chothandizira kupewa kukula ndi kufalikira kwa khansa. Pakalipano, njira zazikulu zowunikira khansa ya khomo lachiberekero ndi kuyesa kwa HPV DNA, cytology (Pap smear) ndi kuyang'ana kowoneka ndi acetic acid staining (VIA). WHO imalimbikitsa kuyezetsa kwa HPV DNA zaka 5-10 zilizonse kwa amayi opitilira zaka 30 zakubadwa ndipo, ngati ali ndi chiyembekezo, kuyezetsa ndi kulandira chithandizo. Ngati kuyesa kwa HPV DNA kulibe, cytology kapena VIA imachitika zaka zitatu zilizonse.
2. Samalirani ukhondo ndi thanzi la munthu pakugonana. Ukhondo wamunthu komanso thanzi labwino pakugonana ndi zida zofunika kwambiri popewa matenda a HPV. Azimayi amalangizidwa kusintha zovala zawo zamkati ndi zogona pafupipafupi, kuvala zovala zamkati za thonje zopumira bwino komanso zomasuka, komanso kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito sopo, mafuta odzola ndi zinthu zina zokwiyitsa pochapa maliseche. Komanso, amayi amalangizidwa kuti asunge bata ndi kukhulupirika kwa omwe amagonana nawo, kupewa zibwenzi zambiri kapena kugonana mosadziteteza, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito makondomu ndi njira zina zakulera.
3. Siyani kusuta ndi kumwa kuti mulimbitse chitetezo chokwanira. Kusuta ndi kumwa mowa kumatha kuwononga chitetezo cha mthupi, kuchepetsa kukana matenda a HPV komanso kuonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya pachibelekero. Choncho, akazi amalangizidwa kusiya kusuta ndi kumwa, kukhala ndi zizolowezi zabwino za moyo, kudya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri zokhala ndi mavitamini ndi ulusi, ndi kuchita maseŵera olimbitsa thupi moyenera kuti akhale olimba.
4. Kuchiza matenda okhudzana ndi gynecological.

Khansa ya M'mawere

Khansara ya m'mawere ndi chotupa choopsa kwambiri mwa amayi, chomwe chimakhudza kwambiri thanzi la amayi ndi moyo wawo. Zizindikiro zake ndi monga: zotupa za m'mawere, kulowetsedwa kwa nsonga, kusefukira kwa nsonga, kusintha kwa khungu, kuchuluka kwa ma axillary lymph nodes ndi ululu wa m'mawere.
Kupewa khansa ya m'mawere kumaphatikizapo zinthu izi:
I. Kuchepetsa thupi ndi zakudya

Kunenepa kwambiri ndizomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya m'mawere, makamaka kwa amayi omwe ali ndi vuto losiya kusamba. Kunenepa kwambiri kungayambitse kuchuluka kwa estrogen, kumapangitsa kuti maselo a m'mawere azichulukirachulukira komanso kuonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere. Choncho, kukhala wonenepa komanso kupewa kunenepa kwambiri ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yopewera khansa ya m’mawere.
Pankhani ya zakudya, tikulimbikitsidwa kudya zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi mavitamini, mchere ndi ma antioxidants, monga zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, nyemba ndi mtedza, zomwe zingalimbikitse chitetezo cha mthupi komanso kupewa khansa. Pa nthawi yomweyo, m`pofunika kudya zochepa mafuta, mkulu-kalori, mkulu-mchere, yokazinga, yowotcha ndi zakudya zina zoipa, amene angathe kuonjezera kupanga ma free radicals m`thupi, kuwononga ma DNA ndi kulimbikitsa kusintha khansa. .
2.zolimbitsa thupi
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathandize kuti magazi aziyenda bwino, kulimbikitsa kagayidwe kachakudya, kuchepetsa milingo ya estrogen ndi kuchepetsa mwayi wokondoweza estrogen m’maselo a m’mawere. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathandizenso kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo, kuwongolera maganizo ndi kulimbitsa maganizo, zomwe zimathandiza kupewa khansa ya m'mawere.
Osachepera mphindi 150 zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi kapena mphindi 75 zolimbitsa thupi mwamphamvu kwambiri, monga kuyenda, kuthamanga, kusambira, kupalasa njinga, ndi zina zotero, amalimbikitsidwa sabata iliyonse. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, m'pofunikanso kuchita maphunziro a plyometric ndi kusinthasintha, monga kuchita kukankhira-ups, sit-ups, kutambasula, etc. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuyenera kulabadira kuchuluka koyenera kwapakati, kupewa kupanikizika ndi kuvulala.
3.kuyezetsa pafupipafupi
Kwa amayi omwe ali ndi mbiri ya banja lawo la khansa, kuyesa chibadwa cha khansa ndi imodzi mwa njira zothandiza zopewera khansa. Khansara yokha si yobadwa nayo, koma majini otengera khansa amatha kutengera. Kuyeza kwa majini kumatha kudziwa mtundu wa chotupa chosinthika mwa wodwalayo. Kuwunika kwa magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu omwe ali ndi ma gene osinthika sikungangodziwiratu za kuopsa kwa khansa, komanso kupanga mapulani omwe amayang'aniridwa ndi zaumoyo kuti atetezedwe koyambirira komanso kuchitapo kanthu. Tengani khansa ya m'mawere mwachitsanzo, 15% mpaka 20% ya odwala khansa ya m'mawere ali ndi mbiri ya banja. Anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chokhala ndi mbiri yakubanja ya chotupa amatha kuganiziridwa kuti adziwe momwe angapewere khansa. Magazi ang'onoang'ono a venous amatha kutengedwa, ndipo ngati ali ndi chibadwa cha khansa kapena majini oyendetsa amatha kuzindikirika mkati mwa masiku 10 kudzera pakuyezetsa kochulukira kwa PCR kapena ukadaulo wotsatizana wa m'badwo wachiwiri wa zitsanzo zamagazi. Kwa odwala omwe apezeka ndi khansa, kuyezetsa majini kungathandize pakuchiza molondola ndikuzindikira ngati mankhwala ochizira angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Momwemonso, kuyezetsa majini kumafunika musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito chotupa immunotherapy kuti muwone ngati wodwala ali woyenera kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala.
Pamwambo wa Tsiku la Amayi, Bigfried Sequence akufuna kufunira amayi onse padziko lapansi thanzi labwino. Tumizani tweet iyi kwa anzanu ndikulemba zomwe mukufuna kwa amayi anu, tengani chithunzithunzi ndikutumiza uthenga wachinsinsi, tidzasankha mwachisawawa mnzako kuti atumize mphatso ya Tsiku la Amayi kwa amayi anu pambuyo pa tchuthi. Pomaliza, musaiwale kunena "Tchuthi Zabwino" kwa amayi anu.