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Agalu ena amamwa mankhwala a antiparasite popanda vuto, pamene ena amakulakusanza ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Mutha kupatsa galu wanu mankhwala ochepetsa ululu molingana ndi kulemera kwake, komabe mwina alibe mphamvu kapena kusiya chiweto chanu chalethargic. - Izi zikugwirizana kwambiri ndi izijini yolimbana ndi mankhwala ambiri (MDR1)m'thupi la galu.
Izi "zowongolera zosaoneka" za kagayidwe ka mankhwala zimakhala ndi chinsinsi chachitetezo chamankhwala kwa ziweto, ndiKuyeza kwa MDR1 gene nucleic acidndiye njira yofunikira yotsegulira code iyi.
AYI. 1
Chinsinsi cha Chitetezo cha Mankhwala: The MDR1 Gene
Kuti timvetsetse kufunikira kwa jini ya MDR1, choyamba tiyenera kudziwa "ntchito yake yayikulu" - kukhala ngati wonyamula kagayidwe ka mankhwala. Jini ya MDR1 imayang'anira kaphatikizidwe ka chinthu chotchedwa P-glycoprotein, chomwe chimagawidwa kwambiri pamwamba pa maselo a m'matumbo, chiwindi, ndi impso. Imagwira ntchito ngati malo okwererako mankhwala osokoneza bongo:
Galu atamwa mankhwala, P-glycoprotein imatulutsa mankhwala ochulukirapo kuchokera m'maselo ndikuwatulutsa kudzera mu ndowe kapena mkodzo, kuteteza kudzikundikira kovulaza mkati mwa thupi. Zimatetezanso ziwalo zofunika kwambiri monga ubongo ndi mafupa a mafupa poletsa kulowa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo komwe kungayambitse kuwonongeka.
Komabe, ngati jini ya MDR1 isintha, "wogwira ntchito zoyendera" uyu amayamba kulephera. Zitha kukhala zochulukirachulukira, kutulutsa mankhwala mwachangu ndikupangitsa kuti magazi asamayende bwino, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yamankhwala. Kapena ikhoza kukhala ndi vuto logwira ntchito, kulephera kuchotsa mankhwala munthawi yake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mankhwalawa asonkhanitsidwe ndikuyambitsa zotsatira zoyipa monga kusanza kapena chiwindi ndi kuwonongeka kwa impso.- Ichi ndichifukwa chake agalu amatha kuyankha mosiyana ndi mankhwala omwewo.
Zowonjezerekansondikuti zolakwika za MDR1 zimakhala ngati "mabomba okwirira" obisika - nthawi zambiri samazindikirika mpaka mankhwala atayambitsa ngozi. Mwachitsanzo, agalu ena amabadwa ndi chilema cha majini a MDR1, ndipo mlingo wokhazikika wa mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (monga ivermectin) ungayambitse ataxia kapena chikomokere akaperekedwa ali aang'ono. Agalu ena omwe ali ndi MDR1 yogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso amatha kumva ululu wosamva bwino kuchokera ku ma opioid ngakhale atamwedwa molingana ndi kulemera kwake. Mavutowa sali chifukwa cha “mankhwala oyipa” kapena “agalu osagwirizana,” koma ndi chikoka cha chibadwa.
M'zachipatala, ziweto zambiri zimadwala kwambiri impso kapena kuwonongeka kwa minyewa pambuyo pomwa mankhwala popanda kuyezetsa MDR1 - zomwe sizimangowonjezera mtengo wamankhwala komanso kuvutika kosafunikira kwa nyama.
AYI. 2
Kuyeza Ma Genetic Kupewa Kuopsa kwa Mankhwala
Kuyeza kwa Canine MDR1 gene nucleic acid ndiye chinsinsi chomvetsetsa "ntchito" ya chotengera ichi pasadakhale. Mosiyana ndi kuwunika kwanthawi zonse kwa magazi - komwe kumafuna kuti magazi abwere mobwerezabwereza atalandira mankhwala - njirayi imasanthula mwachindunji jini ya MDR1 ya galuyo kuti idziwe ngati masinthidwe alipo komanso mtundu wanji.
Malingaliro ake ndi osavuta komanso ofanana ndi kuyesa kwa majini kwa hyperthermia, komwe kumakhala ndi njira zitatu zazikulu:
1. Zosonkhanitsira Zitsanzo:
Chifukwa jini ya MDR1 imapezeka m'maselo onse, magazi ang'onoang'ono okha kapena swab yapakamwa ndiyofunika.
2. Kuchotsa DNA:
Laborator amagwiritsa ntchito ma reagents apadera kuti azipatula DNA ya galu ku zitsanzo, kuchotsa mapuloteni ndi zonyansa zina kuti apeze template yoyera ya chibadwa.
3. Kukulitsa ndi Kusanthula kwa PCR:
Pogwiritsa ntchito ma probe omwe amapangidwira malo ofunika kwambiri a MDR1 (monga canine nt230 [del4] mutation), PCR imakulitsa kachidutswa ka jini. Chidacho chimazindikira ma siginecha a fulorosenti kuchokera pa kafukufukuyo kuti adziwe momwe kusinthaku kumakhalira komanso momwe zimagwirira ntchito.
Njira yonseyi imatenga maola 1-3. Zotsatirazi zimapereka chitsogozo chachindunji kwa veterinarian, kulola kusankha mankhwala otetezeka komanso olondola kuposa kudalira kuyesa-ndi-kulakwitsa.
AYI. 3
Kusiyanasiyana kwa Ma Genetic, Kutetezedwa kwa Mankhwala Opezedwa
Eni ziweto atha kudabwa: Kodi zolakwika za MDR1 ndi zobadwa nazo kapena zopezedwa?
Pali zinthu ziwiri zazikuluzikulu, ndipo chibadwa ndicho choyambirira:
Makhalidwe Amtundu Wachibadwa
Ichi ndi chifukwa chofala kwambiri. Mitengo ya masinthidwe imasiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana kumitundu yonse:
- Collies(kuphatikiza Shetland Sheepdogs ndi Border Collies) ali ndi masinthidwe apamwamba kwambiri a nt230[del4] - pafupifupi 70% ya Collies osakhazikika amakhala ndi vutoli.
- Abusa aku AustraliandiOld English Sheepdogsamasonyezanso mitengo yapamwamba.
- Amaswana ngatiChihuahuasndiPoodleskukhala ndi masinthidwe otsika kwambiri.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale galuyo sanamwepo mankhwala, mitundu yomwe ili pachiwopsezo chachikulu ingakhalebe ndi masinthidwewo.
Zokhudza Mankhwala ndi Zachilengedwe
Ngakhale kuti jini ya MDR1 yokha ndi yachibadwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena kwa nthawi yaitali kapena mopitirira muyeso "kungayambitse" maonekedwe a jini osadziwika bwino.
Kugwiritsa ntchito zina kwa nthawi yayitalimaantibayotiki(mwachitsanzo, tetracyclines) kapenaimmunosuppressantsZitha kubweza kuchulukitsa kwa MDR1, kutengera kukana mankhwala ngakhale popanda kusintha kwenikweni.
Mankhwala ena achilengedwe (monga zowonjezera muzanyama zotsika mtengo) amathanso kusokoneza kukhazikika kwa majini.
Jini ya MDR1 imakhudza mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala, kuphatikizapo antiparasitic agents, painkiller, antibiotics, chemotherapy mankhwala, ndi mankhwala a khunyu. Mwachitsanzo:
Collie yemwe ali ndi vutolo amatha kukhala ndi vuto la neurotoxicity ngakhale atapeza kuchuluka kwa ivermectin.
Agalu omwe ali ndi MDR1 yochuluka angafunike kusintha mlingo wa mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a matenda a khungu kuti akwaniritse bwino.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake madokotala amagogomezera kwambiri kuyezetsa kwa MDR1 asanapereke mankhwala amtundu womwe uli pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
Kwa eni ziweto, kuyesa kwa MDR1 nucleic acid kumapereka chitetezo chapawiri pachitetezo chamankhwala:
Kuyeza mitundu yomwe ili pachiwopsezo msanga (mwachitsanzo, Collies) kumawonetsa kusagwirizana ndi mankhwala komanso kupewa kupha mwangozi.
Agalu omwe amafunikira mankhwala anthawi yayitali (monga kupweteka kosalekeza kapena khunyu) amatha kusintha mlingo wawo moyenera.
Kuyesa kupulumutsa kapena agalu amitundu yosiyanasiyana kumachotsa kukayikira za kuopsa kwa majini.
Ndiwofunika makamaka kwa agalu akuluakulu kapena omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu, omwe nthawi zambiri amafuna mankhwala.
AYI. 4
Kudziwa Patsogolo Kumatanthauza Chitetezo Chabwino
Kutengera zotsatira zoyezetsa, apa pali malingaliro atatu okhudzana ndi chitetezo chamankhwala:
Mitundu yomwe ili pachiwopsezo chachikulu iyenera kuika patsogolo kuyezetsa.
Collies, Australian Shepherds, ndi mitundu ina yofananira nayo iyenera kumaliza kuyezetsa MDR1 asanakwanitse miyezi itatu yakubadwa ndi kusunga zotsatira zake pafayilo kwa dokotala wawo wa ziweto.
Nthawi zonse funsani vet wanu za "ma genetic compatibility" musanapereke mankhwala.
Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pamankhwala omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu monga antiparasites ndi painkillers. Ngakhale mtundu wa galu wanu suli pachiwopsezo chachikulu, mbiri yoyipa imatanthawuza kuti kuyezetsa majini kuyenera kuganiziridwa.
Pewani kudzichiritsa nokha ndi mankhwala angapo.
Mankhwala osiyanasiyana amatha kupikisana pamayendedwe a P-glycoprotein. Ngakhale majini abwinobwino a MDR1 amatha kulemedwa, zomwe zimabweretsa kusalinganika kwa kagayidwe kachakudya komanso kuwopsa kwa kawopsedwe.
Kuopsa kwa masinthidwe a MDR1 kuli pakusawoneka kwawo - zobisika mkati mwa chibadwa, osawonetsa zizindikiro mpaka mankhwala ayambitsa vuto mwadzidzidzi.
Kuyeza kwa MDR1 nucleic acid kumakhala ngati chowunikira cholondola, chomwe chimatithandizira kumvetsetsa momwe galu amagwirira ntchito pasadakhale. Pophunzira momwe zimakhalira komanso momwe zimatengera cholowa chake, kuyezetsa msanga, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala moyenera, titha kuwonetsetsa kuti ziweto zathu zikafuna chithandizo, zimalandira chithandizo choyenera ndikupewa kuopsa kwamankhwala - kuteteza thanzi lawo moyenera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-20-2025
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